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News from the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Tobacco
Funds Promising Research in Birth Defects, Drug Addiction
APRIL 25, 2002 | Thanks to
the help of tobacco settlement funds, a leading researcher in human
genomics will explore prevention of birth defects at
Arkansas Children’s Hospital (ACH) while a scientist
at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (UAF),
studies how to use plants to treat drug addiction.
Scientists with ACH and UAF described research to the
board of the Arkansas Biosciences Institute (ABI) at a meeting this morning. Both projects have received
support from the ABI during its first year.
The ABI is a partnership of scientists from the
University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, the
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), UAF,
ACH, and Arkansas State University.
It was created as part of the Tobacco Settlement
Proceeds Act, approved in the fall 2000 general election
by a 64 percent majority of Arkansas voters. The ABI
board met on the UAMS campus.
Charlotte
Hobbs, M.D., Ph.D., explained that every five hours a
baby is born in Arkansas with a birth defect, yet the
major cause of 70 percent to 80 percent of birth defects
is still unknown. (Smoking appears to increase the
incidence of at least one type of birth defect – cleft
lip and cleft palate. If a mother has a genetic
susceptibility she doesn’t know about, and is a
smoker, her risk of having a baby with a cleft lip or
palate is seven times greater, according to Dr. Hobbs.)
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Charlotte Hobbs, M.D., Ph.D. (Kevin Christensen)

Ralph Henry, Ph.D., of the University of Arkansas,
Fayetteville, brief the Arkansas Biosciences Institute.
(Kevin Christensen)
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Dr.
Hobbs is a member of the Department of Pediatrics in the UAMS
College of Medicine and co-director of the Arkansas
Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention. The
center is a collaborative effort of UAMS, the Arkansas
Department of Health (ADH), the Arkansas Reproductive Health
Monitoring System (ARHMS), and the Arkansas Children's Hospital
Research Institute (ACHRI).
Using an allocation from the ABI, the ACHRI has recruited a
leading genomics research scientist to work in the birth defects
center. Patrycja Krakowiak, Ph.D., currently with the National
Institutes of Health, will join the center May 1. Dr. Hobbs said
outside funding, such as the appropriation from the tobacco
settlement revenue, can stimulate important research and
additional external research funding. The Arkansas General
Assembly’s historic support for [ARHMS], a birth defects
registry at UAMS and ACH, is an example, she said. The
legislature established the registry, a program to compile
demographic information about birth defects in Pulaski County,
in 1986. After a decade of relatively limited state funding, the
registry was able to obtain additional federal funding and
expand the registry statewide. Today it is regarded as one of
the best in the nation, UAMS Chancellor I. Dodd Wilson, M.D.,
said during the meeting.
Ralph
Henry, Ph.D., a molecular biologist in the Department
of Biological Sciences in the Fulbright College of Arts
and Sciences at UAF, briefed the ABI board on prospects for
using tobacco and other plants as manufacturing sites for
proteins that can be used to treat health problems including
drug abuse and overdose. Dr. Henry and his colleagues are
experimenting with altering tissue samples of plants in a
laboratory to insert the protein material and then grow the
plants in greenhouses. The procedure promises to dramatically
reduce the cost of manufacturing therapeutic proteins. (S.
Michael Owens, Ph.D., director of the ABI and a scientist at
UAMS, has conducted complementary research on how certain
therapeutic proteins can treat drug addiction, collaborating
with Dr. Henry and Donald E. McMillan, Ph.D., and Brooks Gentry,
M.D., of UAMS. See related
article.)
Dr. Henry praised the ABI for supporting his research group’s
work. The group’s next challenge is to enhance its capacity
for proteomics and bioinformatics, he said.
B.
Alan Sugg, Ph.D., president of the University of Arkansas System
and chair of the ABI board, praised both scientists for
conducting research in keeping with the ABI’s mission of
reducing tobacco-related illnesses and
promoting better health for Arkansans.
Links
on This Page
Tobacco Settlement Funds: http://www.uams.edu/today/011702/tobacco.htm
UAMS, UAF: http://www.uams.edu/today/110101/addicts.htm
Arkansas Center for Birth Defects Research: http://arbirthdefectsresearch.uams.edu/
Department of Biological Sciences: http://biology.uark.edu/bisc.html
Related article: http://www.uams.edu/today/110101/addicts.htm
© 2002
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS). A single
copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial
personal use only. “UAMS,” “UAMS Medical Center,”
“UAMS Online,” “UAMS Today,” “uams.edu,” and
“Here’s to Your Health” are marks of UAMS.
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08/15/03 |