The Fetal GI Tract: Detection Of Abnormalities Using ACR/AIUM Guidelines Shaheen M. Hussaini, M.D., Teresita L. Angtuaco, M.D., Nafisa K. Dajani, M.D. [view full presentation poster]*

Introduction

• Normal Fetal Stomach
• Normal Cord Insertion

Abnormalities At The Level Of The Stomach

• Non-visualization of Stomach
• Confirmatory Tests For Esophageal Atresia
• Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH)
• Pseudo CDH
• Neonatal Confirmation of CDH
• Hepatosplenomegaly Resulting In Small Stomach Volume
• The “Double Bubble” Sign
• Duodenal Atresia

Abnormalities At The Cord Insertion

• Gastroschisis
• Omphalocele
• Failure to find the stomach and cord insertion

Conclusion

Suggested Readings

Adherence to the AIUM/ACR guidelines can lead to diagnosis of a majority of fetal anomalies. In the GI tract, visualization of a normal stomach and cord insertion is reassuring in ruling out major malformations. In the process of looking at these levels, anomalies of the small bowel and other intraabdominal structures may be suspected. Once an abnormality is detected on the routine fetal anatomic survey, further detailed examination is warranted. Knowledge of possible etiologies help in focused evaluation and timely diagnosis. Accurate intrapartum diagnosis helps with treatment, determination of mode, place, and time of delivery, and prompt postnatal treatment. Decreased neonatal morbidity and mortality is seen with timely and expectant care.

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