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PROCEDURE FOR
DISINFECTION OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENT USING GLUTARALDEHYDE
PURPOSE: To
provide guidelines to assist personnel in the care, cleaning, decontamination,
maintenance, handling, storage, and disinfection of medical equipment and
related accessories. Use of this procedure will assist personnel in
providing a safe environment for patients and healthcare workers.
EQUIPMENT:
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Glultaraldehyde 14 day
solution and activator
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Glutaraldehyde solution
test strips
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A hard plastic container
with tightly fitting lid
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Enzymatic detergent
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Timer or other device for
determining soaking period
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Soft cloth or sponge
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Brush
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70% to 90 % ethyl or
isopropyl alcohol
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Syringes
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Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE):
NURSING ACTION:
PROCEDURE STEPS:
Activation of Glutaraldehyde solution
Dress in PPE prior to handling of glutaraldehyde solution.
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Activate glutaraldehyde
solution by adding the entire contents of the activator vial that is
attached to the glutaraldehyde gallon bottle.
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Shake well.
Activated solution immediately changes color to green, thereby
indicating solution is ready to use.
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Test glutaraldehyde
solution as noted in Quality Control section below.
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Record the date of
activation (mixing date) and expiration date on the glutaraldehyde
solution container.
Cleaning/Decomtamination
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Inspect equipment and related accessories
for any damage, loss of function, and gross soil.
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Blood and body fluids must be removed from
surfaces, lumens, and objects with a neutral detergent soap before the
object is disinfected with glutaraldehyde.
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Any organic material on the object will
diminish the disinfection capacity of the glutaraldehyde.
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Thoroughly clean, rinse and rough dry
objects before immersing in glutaraldehyde solution.
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Cleaning procedure for endoscopes:
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Wash the insertion tube of the
endoscope with an enzymatic solution using a soft cloth or sponge.
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Remove all detachable parts and soak
in the enzymatic detergent solution.
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Open all ports during the cleaning
process.
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Irrigate internal suction/biopsy
channels of flexible endoscopes with large amounts of enzymatic
detergent and tap water to soften, moisten, dilute, and remove organic
soils (e.g., blood, respirator secretions).
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Brush accessible channels to remove
particulate matter. Reusable cleaning brushes require thorough
cleaning and disinfection after each use.
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Clear the air-water channel with
forced air.
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Gently wipe/brush the tip of the
endoscope to remove any debris or tissue that might be lodged around the
air-water outlet.
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Clean detached parts in enzymatic
solution. Brush irregular surfaces to remove all organic debris.
Disinfection
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Test the glutaraldehyde solution as noted in Quality
Control below.
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Completely immerse medical equipment and related
accessories/equipment in glutaraldehyde solution for a minimum of 20
minutes (use timer) to achieve high level disinfection.
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Remove devices and equipment from the solution and rinse
thoroughly by immersing it completely in three separate large baths of
water. Each rinse should be a minimum of one minute in duration.
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For Endoscopes: after high-level
disinfection and before storage, rinse endoscopes, including internal
channels, with sterile water followed by a rinse with 70% or 90% ethyl
or isopropyl alcohol and dry with forced air. This process reduces
the potential for recontamination by waterborne microorganisms.
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Use a fresh change of water for each rinse.
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Discard the water following each rinse.
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Do not reuse water for rinsing or any other purposes
as it will be contaminated with glutaraldehyde.
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After processing, hang endoscopes in a vertical
position to facilitate drying. Store in a manner that
discourages contamination. In case of scopes, hang so that
there are no coils or kinks. Never store scopes in their
cases.
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Endoscope accessories (e.g., biopsy forceps, cytology
brushes) that enter sterile tissue or the vascular system should be
sterile.
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Change gloves every 15 minutes, if wearing doubled latex
exam gloves, during the disinfection process.
Reuse
The
glutaraldehyde solution may be reused within the limitations indicated in
the Quality Control section below and the expiration date of the
solution.
Disposal
Discard used solution down sink drain; flush well with a large quantity of
water. Rinse container well with water and discard in regular trash.
Quality Control (QC)
The
14 day solution is good for up to 14 days after reconstitution if an
adequate concentration is confirmed with the daily test strip reading as
described below. Dispose of solution in 14 days if effectiveness has
been confirmed up to 14 days.
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Perform QC as outlined below every day before using
glutaraldehyde for high level disinfection. If glutaraldehyde
solution is used more than 10 times during a day, the solution should be
tested again prior to the 10th use. Make sure that the test strips
match the type of glutaraldehyde solution your clinic uses.
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Immerse the indicated pad of the test strip in the
solution for 3 seconds, and then remove. Do not shake strip.
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Remove excess solution by standing the strip upright on a
paper towel.
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Read results at 75 seconds and record. Do not read
past 75 seconds.
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If strip pad is completely purple it indicates
effective solution.
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If any portion of the reagent area remains orange,
this indicates ineffective solution. Discard the solution.
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Tightly recap test strip bottle after each use.
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Discard any unused test strips 90 days after bottle
is originally opened.
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Mix and test a new bottle of glutaraldehyde solution.
Documentation
Record test results in glutaraldehyde testing log.
Spill Clean-Up
Wear appropriate PPE.
Contain spill by using absorbent material to pick up the liquid.
Carefully scoop up and place in bio-hazard container for disposal.
Wash contaminated surfaces with soap and water.
Splashes in Eyes
Immediately flush eyes at the eyewash station and then seek medical
assistance. Fill out a variance report and contact your supervisor.
REFERENCES:
Advanced Sterilization
Products, Johnson & Johnson, Division of Ethicon, 33 Technology Drive, Irvine,
CA 92618, Material Safety Data Sheet, CIDEX Activated Dialdehyde Solution,
Issue date: 9/22/03.
The University of
Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Infection Control Manual, Policy 6.15,
Disinfection and
Sterilization, Review date 4/01.
APIC Guideline for
infection prevention and control in flexible endoscopy, Alvarado, Carla J.;
Reichelderfer, Mark; The 1997, 1998, 1999 APIC guidelines
committees, AJIC American Journal of
Infection Control, Vol. 28(1), April 2000,
pp. 138-155.
Recommended Practices for Cleaning
and Processing Endoscopes and Endoscope Accessories, AORN Journal, Vol
77(2)
February 2003, pp. 434-435, 438,
441-442.
RESOURCE PERSON(S):
Tonie Durrett, RN, MNSc
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