DMS 4854
Clinical
Practicum V
Copyright
2006
University of
Arkansas for Medical Sciences
College of
Health Related Professions
Department of
Radiologic Technology
Diagnostic
Medical Sonography
Spring, Senior Year
8 Semester
Credits
500 Clinical
Hours
Terry J. DuBose, M.S., RDMS
Assistant Professor & DMS Program Director
UAMS
Education South, Room 204
501-686-6510
DuBoseTerryJ@UAMS.edu
Anthony
L. Baker, M.Ed., RDMS, RVT, CNMT
DMS
Program Clinical Coordinator & Faculty
UAMS
Education South, Room 216
501-686-6510
BakerAnthonyL@UAMS.edu
"The materials used in this course may include copyright protected materials
provided for the personal educational use of the enrolled students and may not
be further redistributed."
DMS 4854: Clinical Practicum V (8 Credit Hours)
1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 Catalog
Description
Continuation of clinical course work at skilled
level. Prerequesite: DMS4843
Advanced
practice supervised clinical experience emphasizing vascular and
echocardiographic sonographic examination procedures.
1.2 Course
Rationale
A
sonographer must develop finely tuned psychomotor and affective learning skills
in practical cardiac and vascular scanning in a clinical setting in order to
develop competency in this dynamic imaging modality. Clinical assignments are structured to give
the student a broad variety of cardiac and vascular observations and scanning
experiences under the supervision of practicing sonographers and
physicians. The student is expected to
participate in all aspects of the cardiac and vascular examinations as
delineated by the clinical site’s protocol.
The sonographer must be able to prepare the patient for the examination,
obtain the patient’s medical history, select the appropriate equipment, modify
the established examination protocols to fit the patient’s unique requirements,
record diagnostic images, record spectral Doppler waveforms, perform
measurements and calculations, discuss the case with the supervising physician,
and understand the medical records filing system of the clinic. During this
course the student is expected to perform complete examinations in either the
vascular or echocardiographic track.
1.3 General
Course Objectives
Upon completion of this course the student will be able to:
A.
Perform all of
the objectives listed in Clinical Practicum IV.
Vascular Students
B.
Interpret sonographic images of normal anatomy, normal anatomical
variants, common pathological variants, and diseases as they relate to the vascular
system.
C. Apply the properties of acoustic physics and
hemodynamics in the interpretation of the diagnostic images and in the control
of the sonographic equipment during vascular examinations.
D. Demonstrate the use of plethysmography,
sonography, and segmental pressure measurements in the diagnosis of vascular
disease.
E. Analyze sonographic & color flow images,
spectral Doppler wave forms, segmental pressures, and plethysmographic
information in order to aid the interpreting physician in forming an accurate
diagnosis.
F. Show clinical competency by successfully
completing the seven vascular sonography competency evaluations.
Echocardiography Students
B. Interpret sonographic images of normal
anatomy, normal anatomical variants, common pathological variants, and diseases
as they relate to the cardiac system.
C. Demonstrate the use of the various imaging
windows and imaging planes in the evaluation of normal and abnormal cardiac
anatomy and physiology.
D.
Perform
standard m-mode and 2D measurements.
E. Acquire appropriate information utilizing
Pulsed Wave (PW), Continuous Wave (CW) and Two-Dimensional (2D) modalities,
such as valve area, pressure gradients, volumes, diastolic dysfunction, etc.
F. Acquire blood pressure readings during
resting, exercise, and recovery stages.
G. Understand the operation of an EKG machine
and interpret the basic results of an ECG tracing.
H. Show clinical competency by successfully
completing the echocardiography competency evaluation.
2.0 INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY
2.1 General Techniques
The
following general teaching techniques will be used during this course:
A. Demonstration and observation
B. Discussion
C. Practice
D.
Assigned readings from professional journals and textbooks may be
required.
2.2 Resource-Based
Techniques
Active
observation, participation, and scanning using standard sonographic equipment
in the assigned clinic.
3.0 INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS/SUPPLIES
3.1 References --
Print Materials
The following print materials relate to this course. Note that the item marked by an asterisk (*)
is required for use during this course.
A. *Harry, M;
Essentials of Echocardiography & Cardiac Hemodynamics; Harry, 2003
B.
*Harry,
M; Cardiac Doppler Interactive Tutorial CD, Harry
C.
*Reynolds, T; Cardiovascular Principles, Arizona Heart Institute, 1997
D.
Reynolds, T; The Echocardiographer’s Pocket Reference, Arizona Heart
Institute, 2000
E.
Kaddoura
S; Echo Made Easy, Churchill Livingston, 2002.
4.0 GENERAL EVALUATION PROCEDURES
4.1 Student Evaluation Procedures
A. Students will be
evaluated at the end of each rotation by a Clinical Instructor at the clinic to
which the student is assigned. All
evaluations will be averaged for the Clinical Evaluation grade.
B. A written final
examination covering the Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers (SDMS)
Ultrasound Examination Guidelines for the performance of vascular or cardiac
examinations, daily sonographic laboratory start-up, operation, and shutdown,
and patient care will be administered at the end of the last clinical
rotation. There will be a specific test
for the vascular track as well as for the cardiac track.
C. Film
critique will be part of the final examination. This evaluates the student’s
ability to recognize normal cardiac and vascular anatomy and pathology.
D. Students will
maintain accurate records of each case that they observe or participate
in. The
student is expected to participate in a minimum of 250 cases during the Spring
semester. The Case Number
grades will be based on the following scale:
< 175
cases = 0 points
175 - 224
cases = 30 points
225 - 249
cases = 65 points
250 - 275
cases = 75 points
276 - 300
cases = 84 points
301-325
cases = 93 points
> 325
cases = 100 points
E. The letter grade
for this course will be calculated as follows:
Clinical
Evaluation 30%
Case Numbers 30%
Final
Exam/Film Critique 40%
100%
F. The scale for determining letter grades in
this course is as
follows:
A 100 – 93 %
B 92 – 84 %
C 83 – 75 %
D 74 – 66 %
F 65 – 0 %
4.2 Clinical
Evaluation Procedures
Students
will evaluate the Clinical sites by using the Clinical Rotation Evaluation
form.
4.3 Performance: Lab and Clinic
The
student's performance will be evaluated at the end of each clinical rotation by
the Clinical Instructor(s) using the CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR’S EVALUATION OF THE
STUDENT form. These evaluations will
cover the objectives for this course, to include: equipment start-up and shut-down,
transducer selection, routine cleaning and care of equipment, patient care,
medical history, medical records, cardiac and vascular examination protocols,
and student interactions with the patients and clinical staff. Each clinic will have varying equipment, examination
protocols, medical records procedures, and other unique conventions which the
student will be expected to master during a given rotation.
During
the Spring 2005 semester the student will be expected to perform the following
examinations according to the Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers (SDMS)
Ultrasound Examination Guidelines.
Independent performance will be verified by the respective clinical
instructors and documented on the Student Competency Evaluation forms.
A.
Vascular Track
1.
Lower
extremity venous Doppler
2.
Lower
extremity arterial Doppler
3.
Upper
extremity venous Doppler
4.
Upper
extremity arterial Doppler
5.
Carotid Doppler
6.
Segmental
Pressures with ABI calculation
7.
Plethysmographic
procedures (PPG, VPG, SPG)
B.
Cardiac Track
1. Parasternal Long Axis View
2. Parasternal Short Axis View
3.
Apical View
4.
Subcostal View
5.
Suprasternal
View
4.4 Make up of
Clinical Hours
A. The student
may request to arrange a make up of clinical hours after the student’s return
to the department.
B. Outline of
steps to be taken regarding the make up of clinical hours:
I. Notify the
Clinical Instructor and the Program Director that you will be unable to be in
clinic on the scheduled day.
II. Contact the
Clinical Instructor to schedule the make up hours.
III. Agree on a time for the make up clinical
hours.
IV. Attend the make-up clinic as agreed.
V. Students who
schedule a make up day and then miss that day will have to make up two
days.
5.0 GENERAL PROCEDURES
A. Students are expected to participate in
the clinic under the supervision of the
Clinical Instructor(s).
B. The student
may request a student/instructor conference concerning any clinical rotation,
etc. by contacting the Diagnostic Medical Sonography Program Director and
requesting an appointment. These conferences
should be scheduled for your benefit since the Clinical Instructors are here to
help.
C. Any contested
clinical evaluation must be resolved within two weeks after the return of the
graded item to the student. After this
time all grades are final.
6.0 CLINIC ATTENDANCE/CONDUCT/DRESS POLICY
6.1 General
Remarks
Students
should attend every clinical session. Students who miss more than 16 clinical
hours will be required to make up the missed hours. Failure to make up the missed clinical time
will result in a grade of Incomplete (I) for the semester. If unable to attend
a clinical session, common courtesy dictates that the Clinical Site Instructor and
Diagnostic Medical Sonography Program Director receive prior notification of
the impending absence. If a student is not present in clinic at
the appropriate times and does not notify both the Clinical Site and the DMS
Program office PRIOR TO the program faculty’s discovery of the absence, an
automatic five (5) points will be deducted from the final Clinical Practicum
grade for each occurrence. Please refer to the Student Handbook for
specifics concerning student absences.
6.2 Clinical
Absences and Tardiness Grading Effects
Dependability
and promptness are essential to effective clinical education; therefore excess
tardiness and absences will affect your clinical evaluations and your clinical
grade. Excessive clinical absences will
also lower the number of cases a student observes. The student should be aware that Clinical
Affiliates are also potential employers of graduates. Work habits will be closely observed while
students are in the clinical environment.
6.3 Conduct/Dress
Student
conduct and dress should reflect an awareness of the student’s role as an
aspiring health care professional and as a representative of the Diagnostic
Medical Sonography Program of UAMS and CHRP. Please refer to the Student Handbook for
specifics concerning dress and conduct.
7.0 DUE DATES/DEADLINES
All
clinical paperwork will be due the last day of the clinical rotation. There will be two (2) clinical rotations for
the Senior Spring semester.
Clinical Final Examinations
Week: TBA
8.0 SESSION SCHEDULE
8.1 General
Remarks: Clinical session schedules will be distributed by the DMS Program
faculty prior to the start of the clinical rotations.
Also see:
DMS Clinical Records Web Pages